Store Management Internship Company Profile free essay sample

Kohls was selected by Businesslike as one of the best places to launch a career for new college graduates. With more than 1000 stores, we are one of the fastest- growing retailers in the country, and were continually introducing great new brands such as LLC Lauren Conrad, Dana Bushman, Simply Vera Vera Wang, ALLEY, Food Network. The best part is that our growth meaner unlimited opportunities for you. If you are looking to start your career at a fast-paced retailer, what better place to start than at Kohls with store locations from Coast to Coast. Our store management internship program is rapidly growing, providing over 300 interns this summer the opportunity to gain experience in the field of management while at the same time allowing each intern to embrace Kohls culture and Core Values. If you have a creative mind, strong leadership skills, and want big responsibilities in a short amount of time, now is your chance to check out Kohls. We will write a custom essay sample on Store Management Internship Company Profile or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Position Summary: The Store Management Internship Program is a 10 week Summer program running from June 6 to August 12, 2011. This internship is designed to give you the knowledge ND experience needed to explore what an exciting career in retail management is all about. Our Training Program consists of the following: computer based training, hands-on sales floor training, executive development, and exposure to all areas of the Store. You will also be provided with multiple opportunities to enhance your experience through exposure to senior level leadership, a Kohls Executive Roundtable Discussion, and more! As an intern with Kohls you will be treated as part of the management team and learn the principles of what it takes to run a successful detail business. If you enjoy working with people and engaging in several dynamic roles, or if you are a high-energy person, who tends to get bored easily sitting at a desk all day long, a career in store management is sure to challenge and excite you. In addition to several training modules and daily store management responsibilities, each intern will complete an Impact Analysis Project. This project is your opportunity to research a specific area or opportunity within your training store and solve a problem or offer ideas for improvements. You will present your Impact Analysis Project to Senior Executives at the completion of your ten weeks. As Kohls intern, you are given big responsibilities and the opportunity to shine! What to Expect: Full Time career opportunities upon successful completion of the Internship Program An opportunity to be a Campus Ambassador for Kohls to assist in college recruiting on your campus * *Select campuses only Competitive wages Exposure to Senior Level Management; including District and Regional Managers Mentors Program with former Interns Hands-on experience with In-Store Merchandising, Management Development, Sales, Store Operations, Scheduling, Payroll, and Human Resources Opportunity to visit and analyze the competition Continuous performance feedback Impact Analysis Project to demonstrate skills gained throughout the Internship Required Qualifications: Anticipated graduation date between DCE 2011 Gag 2012 Pursuing a Bachelors degree in Business, Communication, or related field Must be able to work full time between the dates of June 6 August 12, 2011 Authorization to work in the U. S. Without sponsorship Strong analytical, leadership, and communication skills

A Swot Analysis Of American Airlines Tourism Essays

A Swot Analysis Of American Airlines Tourism Essays A Swot Analysis Of American Airlines Tourism Essay A Swot Analysis Of American Airlines Tourism Essay Introduction: American Airlines was the U.S. s largest bearer in 1992. It had a fleet of 622 jet aircraft, winging 2,450 flights daily to 182 locations. It besides had advanced engineering and plans. They were the first to present a computerized air hose reserve system called Sabre, Super Saver menus and frequent- flyer plans. Despite these inventions, American Airlines and the air hose industry as a whole was still non runing as profitably or supplying client satisfaction the manner it should in 1992. There were two chief grounds. First, the air hose industry was enduring from the economic downswings in 1990 and 1991. In 1991 entirely, the industry s cumulative losingss were $ 1.87 billion, which exceeded the entire sum of net incomes the industry had of all time earned throughout its 60-year history. American Airlines itself reported losingss of $ 77 million in 1990 and $ 165 million in 1991. In footings of client s flight, the dollar volume of pleasance travel grew merely 8 % in the 1989-91 pe riod compared to 19 % for 1987-89. The comparable figures for concern travel were a 9 % addition for 1989-91 in contrast to 28 % growing experiences in 1987-89. April 9th, 1992 American Airlines announced that their outputs were excessively low and they were traveling to convey value back to air travel through a new pricing scheme termed, Value Pricing . SWOT Analysis: Strengths Market leader: American Airlines is the largest U.S. air hose in 1992 with a 19.15 market portion in 2001. Strong Invention Technology: American Airlines created the first and largest Computer Reservation Service, SABRE, which was a valuable resource for output direction and excess net incomes. It was such an effectual technological invention that in 1992, 92 % of domestic reserves were made through Computer Reservation Systems in the United States. Marketing Promotions: American Airlines were the first to make a frequent flyer plan aimed to increase trade name trueness with concern clients in 1981. Distribution: The usage of hubs meant replacing non-stop flights with a set of linking flights, and this benefited both bearers and consumers. Airlines could function more locations with fewer planes. American Airlines benefited by holding six hubs in 1992, two of which are ranked as the largest airdromes in America: Chicago and Dallas. Market Growth: Between 1981 and 1991, rider volume grew by about 80 % , the equivalent of a compound one-year growing rate of 6 % . There are still chance spreads to farther addition demand. Strong Brand Image: A study that generated the evaluations of domestic air hoses on service quality, American Airlines had the joint highest satisfaction index of 76. This implies that American Airlines has a stronger image of high quality service, comparative to rivals. Problems: There are high hazards of holds and inward flight holds of even a few will necessarily detain linking flights and so impact big parts of the web thenceforth. Enormous dealing costs from the utmost complexness of capacity planning, crew roistering, flight programming, land handling and menu constructions. High hazard of lost connexions and lost baggage with linking flights Opportunity Increase the demand for air travel through making more clients and increasing the frequence of travel per client: There is already a turning per centum of Americans is utilizing air travel. In 1991, 76 % of American Adults reported that they had flown at some clip in their lives and 32 % had flown in the past twelvemonth. The addition in American air travel can be seen in the tabular array below: Percentage of American grownups who have: 1981 1989 1990 1991 of all time flown? 65 % 78 % 74 % 76 % flown in the last 12 months 24 % 34 % 31 % 32 % The tabular array implies that American s are progressively accommodating to air travel and this means that their is an chance for American Airline s to go on their enlargement. Price favoritism theoretical accounts: Price favoritism theoretical accounts provide an chance for American Airlines to capture the two chief client sections, concern and pleasance travellers in the most profitable manner. Using monetary value favoritism theoretical accounts provides an increasing chance. Percentage of American Adults going on: 1989 1990 1999 2001 Business 52 51 42 41 Pleasure 47 49 53 57 This provides an chance for American Airlines because the two sections have different demand fluctuations and purchasing features and if American Airlines can capture both markets through different pricing menus so it will increase their output per client, smooth out overall demand fluctuations and achieve net income maximization. The differences can be distinguished by demand and purchasing values. Buying differences: Business travellers are more loyal to one peculiar air hose because they have the ability to construct up frequent flyer stat mis. They are less pricing sensitive due to being more clip sensitive. On the other manus, leisure travellers are less loyal, more monetary value sensitive and more flexible in footings of clip, day of the month etc. On-line Reservations: Like low cost air hoses and follow on-line reserves, which mean less demand for travel agents, no paper tickets and convenient engagement. American Airlines presently merely serves 80 finishs worldwide, compared to 182 locations in the U.S. mainland and Hawaii. Therefore, there is a strong chance to concentrate on increasing long draw, international flights as opposed to short draw flights. Menaces: After the deregulating of the air hose, industry competition intensified as national and regional air hoses grew or merged and became fixated on net income maximization. American Airlines major domestic rivals are United Airlines and Delta Airlines as they both operate with similar range and service to American. American Airlines chief competition from regional air hoses includes US Air, America West, Southwest, TWA, Northwest and Continental. US Air serves chiefly eastern and southwesterly markets. American West and Southwest are price reduction bearers functioning the Southwest and California countries. TWA that offered chiefly coast-to-coast service, Northwest that served the Northern grade of the U.S. and Continental that served the southern grade. Furthermore, amalgamations meant that the combined market portion of the four largest air hoses rose from 54.2 % in 1982 to 64.8 % in 1987. Growth of low cost air hoses: Low cost air hoses are spread outing quickly. Southwest in peculiar is successfully advancing its deal menus, low cost and no-frills attack to service and are the 7th largest U.S. bearer, though merely runing in 15 provinces for local, and short draw markets. The low cost air hoses are able to bear down highly low price reduction monetary values because: Distribution costs are reduced utilizing direct merchandising through the cyberspace or call centres and holding no tickets Pricing cleavage merely occurs on two variables: the day of the month of engagement and the effectual demand of that specific flight so there are less complex menus and less limitations imposed to increase client satisfaction The operating outgo rider and their operating border are besides significantly higher. American Airlines does non hold the ability to vie straight through fiting such low monetary values because they could neer accomplish such low costs, nor does the trade name image of American Airlines compliment this scheme. Airline Industry is vulnerable to monetary value wars: Industries that have excess capacity, high fixed costs, and low distinction and are monetary value rubber bands are the most vulnerable to monetary value wars. High Fixed costs and excess capacity are profit-damaging combinations because it means that air hoses must hold high outputs through output direction in order to keep profitableness, which is really complex. Low Differentiation means clients see air hose travel as a commodity- like concern. In general, they merely want to acquire from one metropolis to another in the shortest sum of clip, at a convenient clip that fits their agenda, and at a sensible monetary value. High Price Elasticity: Due to the combination of the above, air hose travel is typically monetary value elastic. Therefore, air hose companies are going more inclined to take down monetary values in order to excite demand. Sensitive to economic downswings due to high fixed costs construction, for illustration in 1991 the industry s cumulative losingss were $ 2.67 billion The dominant distribution channel is the travel agent. Therefore, the cooperation of travel agents with the Airline is necessary. Airlines get the agents cooperation through giving them committees from ticket gross revenues. Key Issues Develop a pricing scheme that will increase the demand of air travel and the long term profitableness of the air hose industry. Identify and measure options by sing rivals reactions, client impact on output, costs and long term profitableness. 1. Value Pricing The chief aim of this pricing scheme was to supply simplicity, equity, and value for air travel, compared to the bing system with a battalion of of all time altering menus and price reductions. Value Pricing: Segmented Pricing: On any given flight, there would be merely four different menus: First Class, Regular Coach, Discount Coach ( booked seven yearss in progress ) and Discount Coach ( booked 21 yearss in progress ) . Each menu had different limitations and offerings. E.g. , Discount manager involved Saturday dark stay over, advanced purchases ( 21 yearss ) , non refundable but they could be re-issued for another flight and priced 49 % below the regular manager menus. New menus will be 38 % below the degrees of comparable bing menus and will be the same for everyone, intending no demand for particular trades. Ad: American Airlines would pass $ 20 million on media clip and infinite over two hebdomads. They anticipated that gross would increase to boot by $ 300-350 million yearly and be nest eggs of $ 25 million per twelvemonth. Professionals  · Business travellers will profit from value pricing . The advantages for concern travellers is that, they no longer necessitate to worry about inflexible limitations attached to cut down menus, coercing them to pay higher monetary values. Now they can acquire the advantage of being able to book at short notice but guaranting that they will still have the same 38 % off full Coach with no limitations with any clip menus. Furthermore, if they can book in progress they can pay even less. Reduced Costss: American Airlines forecasts cost nest eggs of $ 25 million per twelvemonth through the decrease in the figure of menus offered, as it will cut down its CRS from 500,000 to merely 70,000. Second, as all flights will be priced based on the distance of the flight way, so the variable costs really find the monetary values, in theory supplying higher gross. Cons Price snap: Air travel has rather high monetary value snap as a reappraisal found that the bulk of estimations were between the scope of -.8 and -.2, with the snap for concern travel by and large being less than integrity, while that for pleasance travel typically transcending integrity. Therefore, leisure travel demand changes with alterations in monetary value more than concern travel because of a monetary value alteration. American Airlines, the monetary value sensitive clients will be extremely dissatisfied by the new value pricing and they will be encouraged to exchange to low cost air hoses. American Airlines will no longer profit from the concern travellers that were typically monetary value insensitive but clip sensitive and so prepared to pay the higher costs. This will hold incremental affects on output and profitableness as the high fixed costs of air hoses antecedently depended upon concern travellers to purchase higher priced tickets. Rivals Chemical reactions: For air travel demand, which in bend creates the deficiency of client trade name trueness to air hoses, a 38 % decrease in American Airline monetary values in theory would do clients to exchange to American Airlines. However, American Airlines has failed to see rivals reactions in their value pricing . Lower their monetary values to fit American Airline monetary values to vouch the consumer the lowest menu without perpetrating to a lower monetary value but finally maintaining their clients and directing the message to American Airlines that they should increase their monetary values. In bend, this will cut down the profitableness of the Airline industry, as air hoses will necessitate to maintain take downing monetary values in order to stay competitory, taking to a lessening in net income borders and economic growing. Competitor s reactions will finally forestall American Airlines from making their forecasted gross for 1992. Promotion jobs: The travel agents are less likely to advance this reduced menu platform and the CEO merely plans a erstwhile $ 20 million advertisement attempt. High Fixed Costs of Airlines: American Airlines has a high cost construction and as a consequence, they rely on high-yield and high traffic. Therefore, it is non executable and it will be black for them to take down costs in the long term without cut downing their fixed costs. They expect market portion to increase by an extra one-half of 1 % of the entire U.S. market. They believe that in the 2nd one-fourth of 1992, grosss could diminish by $ 100 million, but that grosss will increase by $ 300- A ; lb ; 350 million for the full twelvemonth. They assume that the demand for air travel as a method of transit will increase by 3-4 % with the new pricing construction. American Airline s output and gross premises are flawed because the value pricing is presuming that all present factors in the industry will stay the same but in world rivals will fit monetary values and travel agents will non be so concerted. Break Even alterations: American Airlines would necessitate to increase their gross revenues dramatically in order to interrupt even, which will be really hard. Regular Coach 1990 1992 1992 Path: New York- Chicago Old New New ( including $ 20m advertisement ) Selling Monetary value $ 854 $ 500 $ 500 Entire Revenue ( presume sell 1000 ) $ 854000 $ 500000 500000 % Variable Cost as a per centum of the sum costs 3.60 % 3.60 % 3.60 % Variable Costss per individual $ 40 $ 40 $ 40 Entire Variable Costss $ 40000 $ 40000 $ 40000 Unit Contribution= selling price- variable cost $ 814 $ 460 $ 460 Fixed Costss as a per centum of the sum costs 96.40 % 96.40 % 96.4 % + A ; lb ; 20m Fixed Costss ( 96.4/3.6=26.77740000= 1071111.111 ) 1071111.111 1071111.111 21071111.11 Break Even= fixed cost/ unit part 1315.861316 $ 2328.502415 45806.76328 Break Even gross revenues alteration 1012.641099 44490.90196 Break Even Point % gross revenues alteration 176 % 3481 % Professionals Product Differentiation will be valued: On long draw flights added frills are valued because riders are on the plane for longer so they will necessitate more services in order to experience comfy. There are a scope of services and merchandises that American Airlines has the chance to offer clients to distinguish their menu prices.. Reduce the hazard of a monetary value war. Through concentrating on long draw flights and keeping low but profitable monetary values, rivals will be less likely to cut down their costs because American Airlines is the market leader and every rival wants to hold net income maximization. Furthermore, it will increase the long-run profitableness of the industry as demand and profitableness will increase. Increase client trade name trueness: American Airlines are distinguishing their merchandises from rivals and if these differences are valued so clients will be encouraged to be loyal to American Airlines, as they will have the excess benefits from the merchandises on top of their frequent flyer plan. Opportunity spread in the market: Expanding into new markets will increase their client base and market portion as long haul flights e.g. 15-18 hr will go more and more popular through increasing international concern communications. It is impossible for American Airlines to fit the taking low cost air hose menus while at the same clip runing at a net income due to their higher cost per place stat mi. The current trade name is image of a high quality service air hose. Simplifies pricing without the demand to monetary value excessively low and curbs demand, so clients will be willing to pay more and besides they will better maximise flight capacity through controling demand and so they will non endure from chance costs found in value pricing . Cons Increasing the figure of services will increase their variable costs per client. Fixed costs will lift dramatically from initial enlargement. Hazard of International Business Problems: As American Airlines expand they must guarantee that they maintain good communicating or else their costs could increase Foreign markets will convey more challenges when confronting new rivals Currency differences American Airlines does non respond to the turning figure of low cost air hoses by fiting their low monetary values so they will spread out further, increase their market portion within America with monetary value sensitive clients and decrease American Airlines competitory advantage. This could cut down the profitableness of the U.S. air travel industry in the long term. Require heavy investing, support, planning and advertisement in order to implement and pass on the difference of services between flight menus to clients and acquire clients to value these differences. Recommendation: Recommended that Value Pricing be adjusted and combined with alternate three, to concentrate on long draw flights and segmented pricing through service distinction as despite Value Pricing being a really advanced pricing scheme it has many defects. The value pricing must be embedded in a broader and consistent selling scheme. The value pricing purpose to simplify menus through offering four menu constructions should be implemented as this will cut down CRS costs and increase client apprehension of menu monetary values. However, the limitations imposed should be reduced on the price reduction menus, otherwise clients will travel to low cost air hoses. Alternatively, it is recommended that fencings be built between the different menus to forestall clients from exchanging from higher menus to price reduction menus through service distinction, non merely the transit and a few fringy limitations. Furthermore, American Airlines should concentrate on long draw flights as opposed to short-medium draw flights within America because it is within these flights that service distinction is extremely valued. In add-on, if American Airlines can spread out into more markets it will increase their market portion and long-run profitableness. This will besides forestall the eroding of profitableness in the air hose industr y because it will forestall a monetary value war.

The Lloyds Building of London Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Lloyds Building of London - Essay Example These features are made to represent and replace decorative elements for the outer faà §ade. The focus on the mechanical elements is a distinguishing feature of the Modernist movement while its recognition that everything is in a constant state of change, requiring the ability to quickly change out parts, is a characteristic of the Postmodern. Located in the center of London’s financial district and originally intended to serve as headquarters for a large insurance firm, the context of the structure again emphasizes Modern ideals with its focus on monetary, capitalistic values. Yet its design functions to make the building highly flexible, quickly and easily converted into any number of different uses and ready for the addition of any newly developed technology, such as fiber optic internet which wasn’t developed until well after completion, placing it again within the realm of the Postmodern. It is only through a very close examination of the building that one can det ermine the structure is actually more Modern than Postmodern even though it reflects the major attitudes and emphasis of each era. Modern ideas suggest that everything important to human life can be categorically classified into specific categories and definitions. â€Å"Modernity is a project, and not only a period, and it is, or was, a project of control, the rational mastery over nature, the planning, designing and plotting which led and technocracy† (Beilharz, 2001: 6). The basic ideas of Modernism were to analyze the various processes that comprised human existence in the mechanized and standardized world to discover the universal truths that could then be applied to all cultures. Clean lines and clear boundaries were expected to be found that would then be canonized and applied throughout the world as a means of developing a perfect global civilization.

1.Critically evaluate if the National Minimum Wage (NMW) have an Essay

1.Critically evaluate if the National Minimum Wage (NMW) have an effect on business performance and increase reward grades - Essay Example They continue to argue that with the introduction of this wage, a great percentage of human labor has been replaced by machinery since the employers attest to the fact that inclusion of the employees in the workplace has become extremely expensive due to the costs that come from reinstatement of wages to the employees. However, other analysts differ with this argument arguing that the wage has increased employee performance in the workplace. In the research carried out by Dickens & Manning (pp.95), the National minimum wage (NMW) has acted as a foundation in which employers can offer proper pay to their employees. This works by virtue of the wage being in a position to manage the increases in wages and controlling all aspects that may lead to cutting down of costs. The National minimum wage (NMW), on the other hand also attempts to be at par with the changes that take place in relation to employees and the wage rates. Nevertheless, other analysts argue that it is extremely tasking for employers to deal with the task of adjusting to the tough economic conditions and dealing with demands of the National Minimum Wage (NMW) as imposed by the government. This essay shall attempt to analyze the National Minimum Wage (NMW) and the effect on business performance and increase reward grades. The major aim of the National Minimum Wage (NMW) is to reduce poverty rates in UK. This is according to research conducted by Dickens & Manning (pp.95), who indicate that with the National Minimum Wage (NMW) the employees have no option but to work in their workplaces or risk being unemployed. In this case, therefore, employees do not want to risk getting into the labor market that does not allow for easy entry into the market; thus, give the best that they can manage whilst in their current jobs. With proper distribution of income in the market, Arrowsmith et al, (pp.435) indicate that there are high chances that individuals will be

Add one more page to the essay and grammars check

Add one more page to the and grammars check - Essay Example Usually professional soccer players lift their T-shirts on their heads after scoring a goal. Practice it in front of the mirror, as well. However, it would be better to invent something special, for instance, a motto that you will shout after leading your team to the victory. For example, the motor can be â€Å"No less than the best†. This is a perfect inspiring motto, because no matter how good you team may be, there is always room to improve. The best way to win is to try to be the best. It is not very easy as every new season brings new gifted players, thus it is always necessary to be ready to everything. You may win the game during one season but the next season can bring surprises. Therefore, it is important to train all the time in order to play better and better. This will allow not to be afraid of new gifted players or old ones which used new approach to training. â€Å"No less than the best† is a motto that can help become and remain champions. Another thing that every professional soccer player should know about is falling beautifully. You can practice this on the bed. However, be careful and do not break the bed – until you are not a professional player, you may not afford buying a new one. You should also remember that the ground is not as soft as a mattress, be ready to have bruises in the future. After falling, you should always touch any part of your body as if it is badly injured even if it is not and have an in-pain expression on your face. This will allow you to be ready to any result and learn how to withstand the pain. When you are a professional soccer player, you should be ready to be treated like a thing. At any time, another club may offer several millions and buy you: the more it offers, the more successful you are. A good soccer player is an expensive soccer player. The destiny may lead you to any place of the globe. Be ready to be able to digest any kind of food and memorize hundreds of foreign words as

Techniques for Motivating Students in Art

Techniques for Motivating Students in Art SYNOPSIS FOR DISSERTATION Exploration of selected water colour techniques to motivate students in painting. An action Research at Form IV level. INTRODUCTION Learning is an ongoing process that occurs every minute in the field of education. Learning means to gain knowledge or skill by studying, practicing, being taught, or experiencing something. As teacher, our goal is to encourage learning in the classroom. The purpose of this study is to carry out an action research through selected watercolour techniques to improve pupil’s performance. A student comes in class with a certain degree of motivation. But, teacher’s behavior and the way of his teaching, the structure of the course, and interactions with the students all have a broad effect on the student motivation. There are three things to remember about education as per Maher and Meyer’s concept (1997, p 377), â€Å"the first is motivation, the second is motivation and the third is motivation.† Teaching effectively involves not only the use of tools, techniques, and strategies to optimize student learning but an understanding of context, in particular how your students learn, how they process information, what motivates them to learn more, and what impedes the learning process. Its not easy keeping children interested and motivated in classroom instruction. However, several tips and selected techniques can help teachers actively engage students and encourage them to learn and interact positively with others. THE RATIONALE In the course of my teaching of Art and Design at form four level in my college, I have noticed that there are some topics where students meet difficulties. The subject has been introduced since more than 35 years at Hamilton College Girls department, at Mahebourg, students have adopted the teacher centred approach and depend entirely on what the teacher gave them as instructions. Since, the majority of the students come from different socioeconomic backgrounds and they are mostly low achievers, they should be boost up in creating their own learning environment whereby they know what and how they are doing it. At form four levels, students will be having enough time to adapt to the new teaching and learning techniques which will be implemented. Enough time will be given to them for active learning during their practical classes.. Purpose and justification of the study I have been working as a practicing teacher for almost 15 years in a private secondary school, located in a coastal area. I have been teaching art and design both in lower and upper classes. When I started working with Form IV students this year I noticed that pupils at this level perform very poorly while using water colour technique in their painting. They had great difficulties in handling this media. They lack confidence and hence they fear to spoil their drawing and painting. When these pupils undergo the examinations, they come with poor results. These are some of the reason for me to use some selected watercolour techniques to boost up their level, thus ensuring better examination results. Students Profile Usually students who pass the CPE (Standard VI) with C, D, and E are admitted in the school. Very rarely a student is seen to have been admitted with B’s and least often with A’s. Apart from their low intellectual baggage, pupils from this school come from coastal regions like Grand Port, Bois des Amourettes, Grand Sable and other neighboring villages. Their social background is quite poor as there are many girls who have only one parent or who live with grandmothers or aunts- the result of broken homes due to alcoholic parents. The pupils do not have art materials most of the time. The absenteeism rate is quite high. Low ability pupils Low ability pupils are those pupils whose pace of learning is very slow and they exist in all schools. They should be provided more time than the average and high achievers so that it will be easy for them to grasp the basic of the learning activities. These students need special help over a lengthy period from the teachers. Some causes of low achievers are poverty, broken family, emotional or personal factors. Aims of the study To apply selected water colour techniques in the class in order to promote learning among students in practical classes. This research has objectives as: To create an interest in painting using watercolour among the pupils and encourage participation in class. To make students aware of different water colour techniques in painting. To promote self-learning. Implement the selected strategies in the class. Analyse and reflect critically whether the use of the strategies have been effective. Improve pupil’s performance Effectively use elements and principles of design while painting with water based paint. Problem statement Aproblem statementis a concise description of the issues that need to be addressed by a problem solving team and should be presented to them (or created by them) before they try to solve the problem. The primary purpose of aproblem statementis to focus the attention of the problem solving team. As I have mentioned above that pupils at Form IV level perform very poorly while using water colour technique in their painting. They had great difficulties in handling this media and they lack confidence and hence they fear to spoil their drawing and painting. So certain questions should be put forward to remedy the situation in art and design classes. Research Questions: What are pupils’ overall perception in painting with watercolour? Why do pupils perform poorly while using watercolour techniques? Can selected watercolour techniques boost up pupil’s performance while painting? LITERATURE REVIEW This chapter highlights the theoretical and empirical literature of this study on the exploration of selected water colour techniques and motivation of students. Many college teachers today want to move from passive learning to active learning, to find better ways of engaging students in the learning process. I have gone through the book â€Å"WATERCOLOUR† by the author Milind Mulick where it is mentioned that watercolour as an independent genre was brought in vogue by Joseph Turner and John Constable, two British painters of the 18th century. John Singer Sargent, Winslow Homer, William Russell Flint took the art of watercolours to new heights. In this book Milind has mentioned the important features of water colour, techniques and about the materials to be used, such as paper brushes and paints. He has also written about the practice, composition and sketching which is the beginning of drawing. The demonstration part of the book will greatly help students understand the application of water colour throughout the painting of landscape. Exploring Watercoloris to discover new ways to get expressive with colourideas for using natures patterns to inspire enticing designshow to expand your repertoire and unleash your creativity by experimenting with freeform collages, found imagery, and other innovative techniques. Wherever you are as an artist, this hands-on guide (Exploring watercolour Techniques by Elizabeth Grove)will help you master the watercolor medium and develop your individual style, and move beyond a literal rendering of your subject matter. MOTIVATION Motivationis a  psychological  feature that arouses an organism to act towards a desired  goal  and elicits, controls, and sustains certain goal-directed behaviors. Motivation involves a constellation of beliefs, perceptions, values, interests, and actions that are all closely related. Motivation is an important factor in learning. Type of motivations Intrinsic and Extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation means that the individuals motivational stimuli are coming from within. Intrinsic motivation is motivation that is animated by personal enjoyment, interest, or pleasure. Extrinsic motivation means that the individuals motivational stimuli are coming from outside. In other words, our desires to perform a task are controlled by an outside source. Motivation refers to â€Å"the reasons underlying behaviour† (Guay et al., 2010, p. 712). â€Å"Motivation in school learning involves arousing, sustaining and desirable conduct† (Woolfolk, 1988). It depends upon how well a teacher can arouse the interests and motives of student. â€Å"The ultimate goal of schools is to transform its students by providing knowledge and skills and by building character and instilling virtue† (Sergiovanni, 1991). Motivation has been defined as the level of effort an individual is willing to expend toward the achievement of a certain goal. Biehler and Snowman (1993) state that â€Å"motivation is typically defined as the forces that account for the arousal, selection, direction, and continuation of behavior†. responsibility is to create the conditions that will enhance students’ motivation to pursue academic goals actively over a long period of time. MASLOW THEORY OF MOTIVATION â€Å"If you have a hammer, you tend to see any problem as a nail,† meaning, the more tools you have in your toolbox, the better prepared you are to face any challenge that awaits you.† â€Å"A musician must make music, an artist must paint, a poet must write, if he is to be ultimately at peace with himself.† â€Å"In you lies something, a passion that makes you truly happy. Find it and don’t let go.† (www.youmotivation.com/-By Abhaham Maslow) Water COLOUR PAINTS Paint is an ideal medium for developing the child’s sensitivity to colour, because it is fluid and its effects are immediate. It is important to explore the expressive and descriptive effects of a variety of colour media and to encourage adventurous use. Colour awareness promotes sensitivity to and enjoyment of colour in the child’s surroundings and is further enhanced when the child has opportunities to look at the work of artists. Watercolor paint is made by mixing pigments with a binder, usually gum Arabic, and then applying it with water to a support such as vellum (fine animal skin) or paper. It also contain glycerin, ox gall and preservative for the durability of the pigment. The water evaporates and the binder fixes the pigment to the support. Watercolor was used long before Prehistoric humans in the Paleolithic ages painted the walls of their caves with mixtures of ochre, charcoal, and other natural pigments. Watercolors were also painted on papyrus and used in Egyptian art forms. In Asia, traditional Chinese painting with watercolors developed around 4,000 B.C., primarily as a decorative medium, and by the 1st century A.D., the art of painting religious murals had taken hold. By the 4th century landscape watercolor painting in Asia had established itself as an independent art form. While early European artists prepared their own watercolor mixtures for fresco wall painting, this was soon applied to paper. Some of the 20th-century artists who produced important works in watercolor are Wassily Kandinsky,  Emil Nolde,  Paul Klee,  Egon Schiele and  Raoul Dufy. Watercolor painting emerged in Europe during the Renaissance period with advancements in papermaking. Modern watercolor paints are now as durable and colorful as oil or acrylic paints, and the interest in drawing and multimedia art has also encouraged demand for fine works in watercolor. Watercolor has been around since painting began, but didn’t really take off until the Renaissance. The German printmaker Albrecht Durer was an early practitioner, and found the medium ideal for small, detailed studies. Many beautiful landscapes, portraits, and other scenes have derived from watercolor paintings. Some of the famous authors of these paintings are Marina Abramoviac, Yaacov Agam, Constantin Alajalov, Henri Matisse, Rene Magritte, and Alfred Maurer. These painters are known for having created some of the most remarkable works of watercolor art.. Clapp’s opinion about water colour,†I would suggest a student just work with one colour, monochromatically, for a while. This will allow seeing more clearly the effects of different brushes and amount of water you are using.† â€Å"If I were to teach a water colour class, there are really only a couple of things I would do that are different from how I would teach any painting in any media. Both of these ideas address the heart of the problem people face when trying to paint in water colour.’ â€Å"Since the amount of water in the brush controls your values, edges, and the kind of marks you can make, you cannot paint well in the medium, until you understand how to control the amount of water in your brush.† THE SELECTED STRATEGIES It is proposed that strategies promoting active learning be defined as instructional activities involving students in doing things and thinking about what they are doing. The selected ones are: Demonstration Pair and share Guided lecture Class Discussion Peer teaching SELECTED TECHNIQUES I will choose three technique from the following: Wet on wet Wet on dry Sponge wash Splatter Resist Salt texture METHODOLOGY The study necessitate an action research. Action research in classrooms involves the teacher directly. Peer teachers, the Rector, teachers, students and classroom researchers are part of the process. An action research is a process in which participants examine their own educational practice systematically and carefully used techniques of research and it is based on the following assumptions: It involves: a specific problem within a particular classroom Planned action elements of the formal research improvement of classroom practice. Contributes to the self evaluation process I am going to do an action research for the actual problem(difficulty in using watercolour techniques) of the Form IV students. I will look for some new methods to motivate students and to enhance their performance. Sample The study will be targeted at students of form four studying Art and design at Hamilton College Girls Department. A class sample of 10 students will be taken from two different classes. For group work the students will be selected randomly as the class is considered to be a mixed ability one but the number of low achievers is quite high. Interview and observation Interviews will be carried out with the students during the class or after and the feedback of students will be noted. Students will be observed by the teacher during their practical classes and their approaches towards the lesson on a particular topic will be noted. Use of assessment both summative, formative and diagnosis and the use of mark sheets. (ii) Method to be used during class Observation Checklists Formulated questions Cycle 1 Direct teaching – teacher centered – chalk and talk Cycle 2 2 Lesson plans use of selected watercolour techniques Expectation of results above 60% Comparison between cycle 1 and cycle 2 Cycle 3 More lessons on watercolour techniques. (iii)Analysis and Interpretation of data Data will be represented as: Bar chart Pie chart Conclusion I will investigate through the research and come to a conclusion and I hope that this study will be useful to teachers in better creating the conditions that will foster students participation. BIBLIOGRAPHY Barry K King L, (1998), Beginning Teaching and Beyond, 3rd Edition. http://barrycoombs.wordpress.com/tag/watercolor-demonstration/ http://voices.yahoo.com/21-ways-motivate-students-art-class-guide-5440335.html?cat=4 http://olc.spsd.sk.ca/DE/PD/instr/categ.html http://www.crlt.umich.edu/gsis/p2_5 http://www.bing.com/search?q=exploring+watercolour+techniquesgo=qs=nform=QBREpq=exploring+watercolour+techniquessc=0-0sp=-1sk=

The Awakening Essay -- essays research papers

The Awakening Analytical Essay THE AWAKENING Throughout Kate Chopin’s, The Awakening, numerous scenes of birth and renewal are depicted. Various symbols placed throughout the book show Edna Pontellier’s awakenings. For instance, many references are made to oceans and water. It is in the water that Edna has her first rebirth, but it is also the place where she chooses to die. Water symbolizes life, which is the reason that Edna’s renewal takes place there, but it also symbolizes darkness and death. Birds, which are featured frequently in the story, symbolize Edna, and in many cases they foreshadow what’s to become of her, or they show her renewal of life. The imagery of birds throughout the book is used to symbolize freedom, which is exactly what Edna was trying to achieve from her husband, children, and all the other people that antagonized her. Edna has struggled all summer to learn to swim. She has been coached by the men, women, and children on Grand Isle. Swimming p rovides Edna with strength and joy, and yet makes her feel just like a child. â€Å"But that night she was like the little tottering, stumbling, clutching child, who of a sudden realizes its powers, and walks for the first time alone, boldly and with overconfidence. She could have shouted for joy. She did shout for joy, as with a sweeping stroke or two she lifted her body to the surface of the water† (47). This passage marks Edna’s rebirth, or renewal. Here she is described just like a child learning to walk,...